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In the normal course of things, lava doesn't usually reach the surface of the earth, it being encased by the earth's solid rock mantle and the earth's crust.
However, when fault lines and cracks develop, the lava, under great pressure, spews forth from deep inside the earth in a matter of seconds.
In sub-surface lava channels it is reckoned that lava can flow at about 60 kilometers per hour or so, but the time it takes to reach the surface depends on how deep beneath the surface the particular channel is situated. Pyroclastic surges (mainly gas, plus some lava), can reach speeds arounds 350 km/h. However, one cause of these is the undergraound lava coming into water at some point before its eruption, particularly when the lava vent it situated under the sea.
Of course, scientists are continually monitoring movements of the earth's layers and are quick to alert us to any potential dangers, particularly in areas known to be at risk.
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What hardens and cools beneath earth's surface when an intrusive igneous rock forms?
The substance that cools beneath the earths surface when an intrusive igneous rock forms is Magma. Magma is a molten material made up of rocks and minerals.
What is a long tube that connects the magma chamber to the surface?
This is the description for the conduit of a volcano. Use the link below for more information, including a diagram.Dont listen to that because that's not true its the pipe and if it's not that then its the vent:)
Which is the coldest biome on Earths surface?
The coldest biome on Earth's surface is the tundra. This biome has long, cold winters with temperatures dropping below freezing, and short, cool summers. The tundra is characterized by low biodiversity and a layer of permafrost beneath the surface.
The primary wavelenght of radiation emitted by earths surface are?
The primary wavelength of radiation emitted by Earth's surface is in the thermal infrared range, typically around 10 micrometers (μm). This is known as long-wave radiation, which the Earth emits as heat energy.
What minerals combine to form igneous rock?
It doesn't necessarily matter what the minerals are, as long as they form from cooling magma or lava. Igneous rocks are formed by the solidification of cooled magma (molten rock). They may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks.
The long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to earths surface is called?
pipe
A long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to the surface?
Pipe?
Definition of branch pipe of a volcano?
A branch pipe of a volcano is a smaller conduit that branches off from the main vent of the volcano. Branch pipes can be found on the flanks of a volcano and may act as secondary pathways for magma to reach the surface. They can contribute to localized eruptions and can play a role in the overall plumbing system of a volcano.
What below the Earths's surface cools and hardens to form mineral crystals?
Magma beneath the Earth's surface cools and solidifies to form mineral crystals. This process takes place over long periods of time, allowing different types of crystals to form depending on the minerals present in the magma.
What forms when magma is released through long open cracks?
When magma is released through long open cracks, it forms a type of volcanic feature called fissures. Fissures allow magma to reach the Earth's surface without creating a single volcanic vent, often resulting in extensive lava flows.
What hardens and cools beneath earth's surface when an intrusive igneous rock forms?
The substance that cools beneath the earths surface when an intrusive igneous rock forms is Magma. Magma is a molten material made up of rocks and minerals.
What is a long depression in earths surface that usually contains a river?
a valley
What igneous rock would form from the magma if it did not reach the surface but instead crystallized at great depth?
If magma does not reach the surface and instead crystallizes at great depth, it forms an intrusive igneous rock called granite. Granite is coarse-grained and typically composed of minerals such as quartz, feldspar, and mica. It forms slowly over millions of years beneath the Earth's surface before being exposed through erosion.
Is the shadow of the moon always long enough to reach the Earth?
No, the shadow of the moon is not always long enough to reach the Earth. During a solar eclipse, the moon's shadow on Earth is limited to a specific region where the alignment of the sun, moon, and Earth allows for the shadow to be cast on the Earth's surface.
Explain how magma causes a volcano to erupt Be detailed?
magma rises toward earth's surface as long as it is less dense than the surrounding rock.
What is the the long crack in the earths surface in east Africa?
The East Africa Rift System
How long does it take for heat of the Sun fusion reactions to reach the sun's surface?
From the surface of the sun the heat radiations take 8 minutes to reach the surface of hte earth.
