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Pure nitrogen can be dangerous as it leads to quick asphyxiation without the human body noticing that anything is wrong. Because air is mostly nitrogren gas, breathing pure nitrogen feels like breathing air (unlike breathing air that has a high fraction of carbon dioxide for example or noxious gases with identifiable smells), which is why it can be dangerous. Several deaths due to nitrogen asphyxiation occur in the US every year as nitrogen is used widely, for example to pressurize instrumentation compartments to reduce fire hazard or in research laboratories. Accidental death occurs when servicing such compartments without first removing the nitrogen athmosphere (see 1981 space shuttle accident) or due to accidental spillage (i.e. leaking containers).

Compounds and molecules of nitrogen that contain oxygen and other elements, however, can be dangerous, but many are not. Cyanide, for instance, is a molecule that contains both carbon (the building blocks of life) and nitrogen. On the other hand, nitrogen monoxide (a neurotransmitter) and nitrogen dioxide (laughing gas) are mostly nontoxic, but as with all chemicals and molecules, including water, this is a matter of relative scale.

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10y ago

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