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"Hydrogen bonds" are generally considered in a class by themselves, neither covalent nor ionic. They are formed by the attractions between atoms such as oxygen that often have free paired electrons in their valence shells, and the general, although fluctuating, diminution of negative charge around the exterior of hydrogen atoms that are polar covalently bonded. This attraction is stronger with hydrogen than with any other covalently bonded atom, because hydrogen is the only atom with no "shielding" inner shell electrons when covalently bonded. The strength of hydrogen bonds of this type is less than that of most covalent bonds, but still enough to produce such effects as the fact that water has a much higher boiling point than its analog, hydrogen sulfide, although in this instance the difference is due to the lower polarity of the H-S than the H-O bonds.

As indicated by the quotation marks at the beginning of the first paragraph, not all bonds between hydrogen and some other atom are "hydrogen bonds" in the sense described above. Hydrogen also forms normal covalent bonds that can be polar or nonpolar.

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