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Charles Lyell

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Q: Was an important 18th-century English geologist and proponent of uniformitarianism?
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Why is water important in the rock cycle?

Water is extremely important in the rock cycle. This is because water is the main proponent behind erosion and weathering, which both helps in rock formation.


Is sodium fluoride a byproduct of aluminum?

Sodium Fluoride is an industrial waste byproduct from aluminum manufacturing. In 1945 local water treatment facilities began to add sodium fluoride to our water supply. The sodium fluoride put in our water is not a pharmaceutical grade additive. As aluminum production increased in the first half of the twentieth century, it became necessary to find somewhere to put the fluoride. Manufacturers could no longer get away with dumping it into rivers or landfills, because it was poisoning crops and making livestock sick. Francis Frary, chief scientist for ALCOA, commissioned Gerald Cox at the Mellon Institute, to conduct research regarding the benefits of adding fluoride to the water supply. The Mellon Institute was frequently hired by big business to produce research that supported their industries, and for several decades they produced research showing that asbestos was safe and did not cause cancer. The "research science" done to support water fluoridation was underwritten by these massive companies: Aluminum Company of America (ALCOA) Aluminum Company of Canada American Petroleum Institute Dupont Kaiser Aluminum Reynolds Steel US Steel National Institute of Dental Research They also produced reports assuring everyone that fluoride was not toxic and would be beneficial to add to our drinking water for healthy teeth. Another proponent of the safety of fluoride at that time was scientist Harold Hodge, who was later revealed to have been part of the ''Human Radiation Experiment''; injecting test subjects with plutonium and uranium in 1945-46. This was documented by Pulitzer Prize winning reporter Eileen Welsonne in "The Plutonium Files." Hodge was also chief toxicologist of ''The Manhattan Project'' and fluoride was a key component in the production of the atom bomb. His studies were conducted with a bias toward proving fluoride safe, which would protect the government and industry from lawsuits. See the related link.