A cave's formations are called spelothems which are formed as acidic water which dissolves into small amounts of limestone rocks as it flows through cracks or joints going into a cave. Eventually when water comes into contact with the air of the cave the carbon dioxide precipitates out. When the carbon dioxide is cmpletely gone the water no longer holds as much dissolved calcium. Rather the excess calcium is precipitated on the cave walls and cielings. The formation of speleothems form very slowly often taking around years to add centimeters of material to the cave. Soda straws, stalactites, stalagmites, and columns are some examples of formations that speleothems might take.
Soda straws- water seeps down from the surface and drops to the floor, leaving a tiny deposit of dissolved calcite on the surface of the cieling. The ring forms a small hollow tube which is an example of what you see soda straw-like hanging objects from the cave cieling.
Stalactites-Is formed from soda straws, this formations takes plave when the water runs along the outside fo the soda straw and deposits calcite on the outer surface.
Stalagmites-Formation of this is when calcite remaining from the water falls to the ground of the cave. Agitation forces some of the calcite out of water as it hits the ground.
Finally colums- the are formed when stalactities and stalagmites meet. They are frequently in a single joint or crack.
Common features in karst topography include sinkholes, caves, underground rivers, and disappearing streams. Karst landscapes are characterized by the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, resulting in unique surface and subsurface landforms.
The two features formed by underground weathering are caves and caverns. Caves are natural underground chambers typically formed in limestone, while caverns are larger caves that often have unique formations such as stalactites and stalagmites.
A person who studies caves is called a speleologist or a caver. They study the physical structure, formation, and geological features of caves, as well as the life forms that inhabit them.
Acidic groundwater dissolves limestone formations in caves by chemically reacting with the calcium carbonate in the rock, forming calcium bicarbonate which is soluble in water. Over time, this process creates features such as stalactites and stalagmites.
Some common surface features formed by water erosion include valleys, canyons, river channels, and waterfalls. Water erosion can also create features like meanders and deltas in river systems, as well as coastal cliffs and caves along the coastline.
caves and beaches
some of the natrual features of china are the lonngong caves, the tazim basin, the loessis plateua and t he zanngi rivwer
Some land features in alphabetical order are caves, deserts, forests, mountains, plains, rivers, and valleys.
Common architectural features of Buddhist caves include rock-cut architecture, intricate carvings of Buddha statues and deities, elaborate wall paintings depicting Buddhist stories, prayer halls or meditation chambers, and a stupa or sacred relic chamber. The caves are often located in remote or mountainous areas, emphasizing a sense of seclusion and spiritual retreat for meditation and worship.
Karst caves (i.e. dissolutional features in limestone).
Sea caves are formed through erosion by powerful waves, creating unique features such as narrow entrances, dark passageways, and hollowed-out chambers. These caves can have distinctive shapes, ranging from simple tunnels to complex networks of interconnected chambers. Sea caves often contain fascinating rock formations, such as stalactites and stalagmites.
Plains, mountains, hills, rivers, lakes, sea, caves, forests
Speleology is the right answer.
sea caves
Landforms are natural features on the land produced by geological processes. Hills Plains Valleys Inselberg and piedmont Escarpments Mountains Arets Drumlins Lakes Caves Stacks Arches Are some examples of landforms.
Common features in karst topography include sinkholes, caves, underground rivers, and disappearing streams. Karst landscapes are characterized by the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, resulting in unique surface and subsurface landforms.
A speleologist studies caves a trogolodyte lives in caves