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What are the shapes of crystals?

Updated: 8/10/2023
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13y ago

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  1. Cubic or Isometric - not always cube shaped! You'll also find octahedrons (eight faces) and dodecahedrons (10 faces).
  2. Tetragonal - similar to cubic crystals, but longer along one axis than the other, forming double pyramids and prisms.
  3. Orthorhombic - like tetragonal crystals except not square in cross section (when viewing the crystal on end), forming rhombic prisms or dipyramids (two pyramids stuck together).
  4. Hexagonal - six-sided prisms. When you look at the crystal on-end, the cross section is a hexagon.
  5. Trigonal - possess a single 3-fold axis of rotation instead of the 6-fold axis of the hexagonal division.
  6. Triclinic - usually not symmetrical from one side to the other, which can lead to some fairly strange shapes.
  7. Monoclinic - like skewed tetragonal crystals, often forming prisms and double pyramids.

This is a very simplified view of crystal structures. In addition, the lattices can be primitive (only one lattice point per unit cell) or non-primitive (more than one lattice point per unit cell). Combining the 7 crystal systems with the 2 lattice types yields the 14 Bravais Lattices (named after Auguste Bravais, who worked out lattice structures in 1850). The structure of real crystals is pretty complicated! You can read about crystallography and mineral structures here and here.

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15y ago

When water freezes into snow flakes, six-sided crystalsform. When water freezes out of the air as frost, those same crystals form. The three planes of this crystal are present in any of the more than a dozen different forms of frozen water that we call ice. If you need a link, we got one for you to our friends at Wikipedia.

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Q: What are the shapes of crystals?
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Continue Learning about Earth Science

Do crystals have the same shapes?

Crystals of the same substance form a similar structure in nature, but there are many basic crystaline structures in different substances


Do mineral crystals tend to appear in one of the six well defined shapes?

Yes


What rocks are composed of minerals that form with blocky crystals shapes?

Donkey brains and carrots.


What is the lowest temperature that snow can fall at?

The water vapour forming snow has to reach 0oC to form ice crystals. There is no lower temperture for the snow formation. Interestingly the snow crystals formed are of different shapes as the temperture is lowered and the location of the formation occurs. Six-sided hexagonal crystals are shaped in high clouds, needles or flat six-sided crystals are shaped in middle height clouds and a wide variety of six-sided shapes are formed in low clouds. At colder temperatures the flakes have sharper tips on the sides of the crystals and more branching of the snowflake arms. Snowflake shapes at various (approximate) formation temperatures are: -16° C - Thin hexagonal plates -10° C - Needles -8° C - Hollow columns -5°C - Sector plates (hexagons with indentations) -2°C - Dendrites (lacy hexagonal shapes)


What is a 3D snowflake?

Snowflakes are conglomerations of frozen ice crystals, which fall through the Earth's atmosphere. They begin as two snow crystals that develop when microscopic supercooled cloud droplets freeze. Snowflakes come in a variety of sizes and shapes. Complex shapes emerge as the flake moves through differing temperature and humidity ranges. A 3D snowflake is a snowflake with three dimensions: length, width, and depth (like a real snowflake). This is opposed to a 2D snowflake that has only length and width (like a drawing of a snowflake).