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An ionic bond exists when one element donates its electrons to the other element in the bond. It is not a true bond but rather an electrostatic attraction (the + of one is attracted to the - of the other) Ionic bonds occur if there is a great difference in electronegativity (greater than 1.7 in the pauling scale). Usually they will occur with a alkaline metal (1A element - very low electronegativity) and a halogen (7A - very electronegative.) Some properties are that they disassociate in water (depressing the freezing point raising the boiling point and making the liquid conductive). They form crystal complexes and do not truly exist as a molecule rather as an ionic solid with no definable beginning or end. They therefore do not have a molecular formula but rather just an empirical formula representing their ratio.

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