The pressure gradient is roughly proportional to wind speed, so sharper pressure gradients mean stronger winds.
That is the air pressure or amospheric pressure. It is the pressure at any given point in the Earth's atmosphere. In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point. Low pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Similarly, as elevation increases there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation. A column of air 1 square inch in cross section, measured from sea level to the top of the atmosphere, would weigh approximately 14.7 lbf. A 1 m² (11 sq ft) column of air would weigh about 100 kilonewtons, equivalent to a mass of 10.2 tonnes at the surface.
In a nutshell, warmed air rises to higher elevations, thus leaving a pocket below. Because of pressure gradients and Bernoulli's principle, new, colder air will rush into the pocket during what we call wind.
In general, we call the largest areas of land on earth the continents of the earth.
You could call it interstellar or interplanetary space, depending on the context of the objects involved.
Hurricanes form over water and loose power when they reach land. That means that coastal areas will receive the worst winds. The biggest danger from a hurricane is usually what they call storm surges where the low pressure of the storm raises sea levels and the large waves can then move inland and destroy buildings.
A saddle
a saddle
A saddle
The National Electrical Code (US) would call it a "Solderless Pressure Connector - A device that establishes a connection between two or more conductors or between one or more conductors and a terminal by means of mechanical pressure and without the use of solder." Electricians call them "wire nuts".
Guiche A taint piercing is also called a Jon Collins in some areas.
metropolitan areas
This is called a change in phase or a phase transition. It occurs when a substance transitions from one of the states of matter (solid, liquid, gas) to another due to changes in temperature or pressure.
British people call them motorways, Americans call them highways, but the roads serve essentially the same purpose--high speed travel in rural areas.
I would call it "no change".
The areas of the heart are called atrium, and ventricals.
amendments
Yes, artificial wind can be created by creating a pressure difference between two points. This can be achieved by using devices such as fans or blowers to move air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure, generating wind.