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The pressure gradient, which would be expressed as some unit of pressure change (usually millibars but sometimes inches of Mercury) per some unit of distance (usually kilometer).

The pressure gradient is roughly proportional to wind speed, so sharper pressure gradients mean stronger winds.

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What is the force excerted by the weight of the air above?

That is the air pressure or amospheric pressure. It is the pressure at any given point in the Earth's atmosphere. In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point. Low pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Similarly, as elevation increases there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation. A column of air 1 square inch in cross section, measured from sea level to the top of the atmosphere, would weigh approximately 14.7 lbf. A 1 m² (11 sq ft) column of air would weigh about 100 kilonewtons, equivalent to a mass of 10.2 tonnes at the surface.


Explain the process that creates wind?

In a nutshell, warmed air rises to higher elevations, thus leaving a pocket below. Because of pressure gradients and Bernoulli's principle, new, colder air will rush into the pocket during what we call wind.


What are the largest areas of land on Earth called?

In general, we call the largest areas of land on earth the continents of the earth.


What would you call something that is between celestial objects?

You could call it interstellar or interplanetary space, depending on the context of the objects involved.


Why are hurricanes dangerous to coastal areas?

Hurricanes form over water and loose power when they reach land. That means that coastal areas will receive the worst winds. The biggest danger from a hurricane is usually what they call storm surges where the low pressure of the storm raises sea levels and the large waves can then move inland and destroy buildings.

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Can you create artificial wind by creating pressure difference between two points on earth?

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