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What change will be caused by addition of a small amount of HCl to a solution containing fluoride ions and hydrogen fluoride?
The addition of HCl will lead to the formation of HF (hydrogen fluoride) through a reaction between HCl and F- ions present in the solution. This will shift the equilibrium towards the formation of more HF, decreasing the concentration of fluoride ions in the solution.
What happened to the neurotransmitter release when switched from the control extracellular fluid to the extracellular fluid with no calcium?
There is no neurotransmitter release from the axon terminal when there are no calcium ions in the extracellular solution. This is because the exocytosis of the synaptic vesicles is calcium dependent.
What effect does the leaking of potassium across the membrane have on the membrane potential of Kevin's neurons?
Leaking of potassium across the membrane will lead to a decrease in the intracellular potassium concentration, causing the neuron to become hyperpolarized (more negative). This will make it more difficult for the neuron to reach threshold and fire an action potential.
Does removing hydrogen increase or decrease acidity?
Removing hydrogen ions increases acidity. Acidity is measured by the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution, so by removing hydrogen ions, the concentration of H+ increases, thus making the solution more acidic.
Why does the melting of the ice caps lower the concentration of salt in the ocean?
The ice caps are made of freshwater.
What effect will Raising the potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid surrounding a nerve cell have?
Increasing the potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid surrounding a nerve cell can lead to a decrease in the resting membrane potential and make it more positive. This can result in a decrease in the ability of the nerve cell to generate an action potential and effectively transmit signals. Ultimately, higher extracellular potassium levels can impair nerve cell function.
What causes the equilibrium to shift to the left?
The equilibrium shifts to the left when there is an increase in the concentration of reactants or a decrease in the concentration of products. This can also happen when the temperature is decreased in an exothermic reaction.
If a person was only given water what effect would this have on the solute concentration of extration of extracellulaqr fluids?
If a person is only consuming water, the solute concentration in the extracellular fluids would decrease. This is because water dilutes the solutes present in the extracellular fluids, leading to a lower concentration overall.
What will happen to the concentration of reactants after an equilibrium reaction shifts to the left?
Increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium towards the products. The equilibrium will always shift to reduce the change you caused. If you add more products, it shifts toward reactants. This is known as the Le Chatelier Principle.See the Web Links to the left of this answer for more about this.
What happens to the hydronium ion concentration if you increase the hydroxide ion concentration?
If you increase the hydroxide ion concentration, the equilibrium will shift towards the formation of more water molecules. This will result in a decrease in the hydronium ion concentration.
Does an increase or decrease in potassium extracellular ions hyperpolarize a cell?
An extracellular increase of potassium (increase of intracellular Sodium) causes depolarization. The opposite, I presume, meaning high intracellular potassium (inside cell) and high extracellular sodium (outside cell) would be hyperpolarization
What happens to the equilibrium concentration of reactants when the volume of the reaction system is decreased and why?
When the volume of the reaction system is decreased, the equilibrium will shift towards the side of the reaction with fewer moles of gas to relieve the pressure. This causes the concentration of reactants to increase in order to establish a new equilibrium.
Does acid increase the hydroxide ion concentration of water?
Yes, acid increases the concentration of H+ ions in water, leading to a decrease in the concentration of OH- ions. This shift in equilibrium ultimately lowers the hydroxide ion concentration.
Effect of concentration of electrolyte on cell potential?
The potential of a cell can decrease if the concentrations of the solutions are less than 1.0M.N.B. The standard conditions for a galvanic cell involve the concentration of the solutions being 1.0M.
What is in the middle of decrease and increase?
The midpoint between decrease and increase is stability or equilibrium, where there is neither a decrease nor an increase occurring.
A decrease in input costs to firms in a market will result in?
a decrease in equilibrium price and an increase in equilibrium quantity
A decrease in supply will cause an?
increase in equilibrium price and a decrease in equilibrium quantity, which leads to a shortage at the original price.
