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A fault scarp is a vertical relocation of the ground along either side of a fault, usually after an earthquake, one side being higher than the other. It often marks the surface extension of a fault below. Scarps can be small or large, in some cases creating steep cliffs.

An earthquake is caused when the rocks in the earth are distorted (by the slow moment of the tectonic plates that form the continents) to the point where they break and move past one another along a crack called a fault plane. If this fault plane comes to the surface of the earth then after the earthquake, the rocks on one side may have been moved so that they are now higher than the rocks on the other side. This means that a cliff has appeared along the fault and this cliff is called a fault scarp.

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9y ago

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