In undergound mining, ore or coal is removed, creating an empty space underground. After mining, the rock is allowed to settle and close the empty space. The ground above the mined area subsides, or moves down,
an in-kind benefit
Land subsidence can be caused by natural processes like compaction of soil layers, underground erosion, or volcanic activity. Human activities such as groundwater extraction, oil and gas extraction, mining, and construction can also contribute to land subsidence. Over time, these processes lead to the gradual sinking or settling of the land surface.
Some cons of subsurface mining include the potential for environmental damage such as groundwater contamination, soil erosion, and habitat destruction. It can also have safety risks for workers due to the depth and confined spaces involved in underground mining operations. Additionally, subsurface mining can lead to land subsidence and disruption of the surrounding landscape.
Strip mining involves removing the surface layer of soil and rock to access coal, ores, or other minerals, while subsurface mining involves extracting minerals located deep underground. Strip mining is typically more destructive to the environment due to the large-scale removal of topsoil and vegetation, while subsurface mining can have environmental impacts such as groundwater contamination and subsidence.
Mining is a negative effect on the lithosphere because it involves extracting minerals and resources from the earth's crust, leading to the disruption and destruction of the natural landscape. This can result in habitat loss, soil erosion, and contamination of nearby water sources with toxic chemicals used in the mining process. Additionally, mining can contribute to land subsidence and geological instability in the surrounding areas.
underground coal mining
soolution mining can cause subsidence of land where the salt used to be. this could cause buildings to collapse and ground to be ruined
Robert C. Dyni has written: 'Subsidence investigations over salt-solution mines in Hutchinson, KS' -- subject(s): Mine subsidences, Salt mines and mining, Solution mining 'An Instrumented Pneumatic Backfilling System (Report of Investigations)' 'Subsidence resulting from multiple-seam longwall mining in the western United States' -- subject(s): Environmental aspects of Longwall mining, Longwall mining, Mine subsidences
an in-kind benefit
B. N. Whittaker has written: 'Ground fractures due to longwall mining subsidence'
Land subsidence can be caused by natural processes like compaction of soil layers, underground erosion, or volcanic activity. Human activities such as groundwater extraction, oil and gas extraction, mining, and construction can also contribute to land subsidence. Over time, these processes lead to the gradual sinking or settling of the land surface.
The sinking of rock layers is called subsidence. This can occur due to various reasons such as the compaction of underlying materials, the removal of support by mining or oil extraction, or natural geological processes like tectonic activity. Subsidence can have significant impacts on structures and landscapes above the affected rock layers.
Some cons of subsurface mining include the potential for environmental damage such as groundwater contamination, soil erosion, and habitat destruction. It can also have safety risks for workers due to the depth and confined spaces involved in underground mining operations. Additionally, subsurface mining can lead to land subsidence and disruption of the surrounding landscape.
Subsidence of land at the surface, and damage to dwellings. Lung diseases caused by conditions underground. Air and water pollution from the coal-tips.
Strip mining involves removing the surface layer of soil and rock to access coal, ores, or other minerals, while subsurface mining involves extracting minerals located deep underground. Strip mining is typically more destructive to the environment due to the large-scale removal of topsoil and vegetation, while subsurface mining can have environmental impacts such as groundwater contamination and subsidence.
Mining is a negative effect on the lithosphere because it involves extracting minerals and resources from the earth's crust, leading to the disruption and destruction of the natural landscape. This can result in habitat loss, soil erosion, and contamination of nearby water sources with toxic chemicals used in the mining process. Additionally, mining can contribute to land subsidence and geological instability in the surrounding areas.
Advantages of underground mining include less surface disturbance, lower environmental impact, and access to deeper mineral deposits. Disadvantages include higher costs, safety hazards for workers, and potential subsidence of land above the mine.