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Formation:

The first process in the generation of lightning is charge separation.

The mechanism by which charge separation happens is still the subject of research, but one hypothesis is the polarization mechanism, which has two components:

1. Falling droplets of ice and rain become electrically polarized as they fall through the atmosphere's natural electric field;

2. Colliding ice particles become charged by electrostatic induction.

Ice and supercooled water are the keys to the process. Violent winds buffet tiny hailstones as they form, causing them to collide. When the hailstones hit ice crystals, some negative ions transfer from one particle to another. The smaller, lighter particles lose negative ions and become positive; the larger, more massive particles gain negative ions and become negative.

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What is the charge on the top of a cloud in a thunderstorm?

The top of a cloud in a thunderstorm typically carries a positive charge. This positive charge builds up due to ice crystals and water droplets colliding and separating within the cloud, creating an imbalance of positive and negative charges.


What happens to the ground directly below a storm cloud?

An equal and opposite charge to the charge at the cloud base is induced. As the cloud moves, this charge moves across the ground, staying under the centre of the cloud.


How does the electrical charge separation in a cloud occur?

Electrical charge separation in a cloud occurs as ice particles and water droplets within the cloud collide and interact. Due to the collision, electrons are transferred from smaller particles to larger particles, creating a charge separation. These charged particles then accumulate in different regions of the cloud, leading to the buildup of a significant voltage potential between the cloud and the ground, or between different parts of the same cloud.


Why is SO2 three charge cloud?

Because the central atom has two bonded regions (remember that single, double, and triple bonds all count as one charge cloud). In addition to the two bond regions, there is a lone pair of electrons on the central atom, which counts as the third charge cloud.


Which type of particles will gather near the bottom of the storm cloud if it releases electrical energy as lightning?

Negatively charged particles called electrons will gather near the bottom of the storm cloud when it releases electrical energy as lightning. This creates a negative charge at the bottom of the cloud and a positive charge at the top, which leads to the discharge of lightning.

Related Questions

What is the charge on the cloud or shell of the atom?

The charge of an electron cloud is negative. The electron cloud is made up of electrons, and the electrons are negatively charged. The electron cloud will have a negative charge as well.


What is the electrical charge for the electron cloud?

Negative.-1 elemental charge = -1.6x10^-19 C


What is the charge on the top of a cloud in a thunderstorm?

The top of a cloud in a thunderstorm typically carries a positive charge. This positive charge builds up due to ice crystals and water droplets colliding and separating within the cloud, creating an imbalance of positive and negative charges.


What is the electron domain charge cloud geometry of ICl5?

The electron domain charge cloud geometry of ICI5 s usually positively charged. This is because the process involves the loss of electrons. The electron-domain charge-cloud geometry of ICl5 is octahedral.


What happens to the ground directly below a storm cloud?

An equal and opposite charge to the charge at the cloud base is induced. As the cloud moves, this charge moves across the ground, staying under the centre of the cloud.


What is lightning in clouds?

It is called Cloud-to-Cloud lightning for obvious reasons. It is caused by ice particles in the cloud rubbing together, foming electric charges. When enough charge is formed, it may jump to another cloud with an opposite charge. Hope this helped. :D


What is the charge of the subatomic electron cloud?

Electrons have a negative charge, so That might be the answer for which you are looking.


What charge does the electron cloud of every atom have?

In a neutral atom, the charge on the electron cloud is balanced by the carge on the atom's nucleus. The nucleus has a positive charge proportional to the number of protons in it. This attracts and holds the negatively charged electrons in the electron cloud. And in a neutral atom (not an ion), there will be as many electrons in the electron cloud as protons in the nucleus. The charges will balance.


How does the electrical charge separation in a cloud occur?

Electrical charge separation in a cloud occurs as ice particles and water droplets within the cloud collide and interact. Due to the collision, electrons are transferred from smaller particles to larger particles, creating a charge separation. These charged particles then accumulate in different regions of the cloud, leading to the buildup of a significant voltage potential between the cloud and the ground, or between different parts of the same cloud.


What and where is the charge in an atom?

Protons in the nucleus each have a positive charge, and electrons, surrounding the nucleus in the electron cloud, have a negative charge.


Does lightning occurs when the positive charge on a storm cloud causes charging by induction on the ground or another cloud?

Lightning occurs when the buildup of negative charge in a storm cloud causes the air to become electrically conductive. This can then lead to a discharge of energy in the form of a lightning bolt, either within the cloud (intracloud) or between the cloud and the ground (cloud-to-ground).


What is the electron-domain (charge-cloud) geometry of BrI5?

Octahedral