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A rock is composed of combinations of minerals, each mineral having its own chemical formula and crystalline structure. Minerals are composed of an element or combination of elements. Granite, for instance, is an intrusive igneous rock composed ofthe minerals quartz, feldspar, mica, hornblende, and other combinations or ratios of minerals.

A mineral is a naturally-occurring inorganic (there are some exceptions to this) crystalline solid (though Mercury is regarded as a mineral) with a specific chemical composition and a characteristic internal regular geometric arrangement of atoms, sometimes expressed as natural crystal faces.

A rock is an aggregate of one (such as quartzite) or more (such as granite) mineral particles formed through either crystallization of molten magma (igneous rocks), settling of particles (sedimentary rocks), or reheating and pressure applied to pre-existing rocks (metamorphic rocks), with no set chemical composition or atomic structure.

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