The last layer of the atmosphere is called the thermosphere.
They vary outer edge of the thermosphere is an area called the ionosphere.
The first layer of the atmosphere that an astronaut passes through during reentry from space is the exosphere. This layer is very thin and transitions into the thermosphere, which is where most reentry vehicles begin to experience drag and heating due to interaction with air molecules.
When a spacecraft or object enters Earth's atmosphere, it is called reentry. During reentry, the intense heat generated by friction with the atmosphere can cause the object to ignite or create a fiery trail known as a "shooting star."
Water vapor is released back into the atmosphere through the process of evaporation. Carbon is released back into the atmosphere through the process of respiration and combustion. Nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere through the process of nitrogen fixation by bacteria.
Most organisms are able to take oxygen from the atmosphere through respiration. Plants are able to take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis to produce oxygen as a byproduct. They also absorb other gases and pollutants from the air through their leaves and roots, helping to clean the air. Additionally, plants release water vapor through a process called transpiration, which adds moisture to the atmosphere.
The first layer of the atmosphere that an astronaut passes through during reentry from space is the exosphere. This layer is very thin and transitions into the thermosphere, which is where most reentry vehicles begin to experience drag and heating due to interaction with air molecules.
When a spacecraft or object enters Earth's atmosphere, it is called reentry. During reentry, the intense heat generated by friction with the atmosphere can cause the object to ignite or create a fiery trail known as a "shooting star."
The nose of the shuttle encounters more intense heat then the rest of the shuttle during reentry because of the friction it encounters from the atmosphere. The nose of the shuttle has a small surface area for the with weight of the shuttle pushing it through the atmosphere. This leads to a more focus point of contract with the atmosphere.
Rockets have to withstand extreme temperatures during launch and reentry, intense vibrations during liftoff, and high speeds as they travel through Earth's atmosphere and beyond.
Reentry describes the process of returning astronauts to Earth from space. During reentry, the spacecraft passes through the Earth's atmosphere, experiencing high temperatures due to friction with the air. The spacecraft's heat shield helps protect it from burning up during this phase.
Atmosphere affects any craft that goes into outer space. On the way out, the shuttle must be able to overcome the friction from the air and on the way back, it must be insulated against the heat.
I didn't know that it was - but I would imagine they would do so to reduce the weight of the shuttle so it does not re-enter the atmosphere too quickly. If the fuel is something like liquid oxygen it would have no ill effects on the atmosphere. == They dump fuel to reduce shuttle weight so it can decelerate faster in the Earth's atmosphere. It doesn't slow due to the dumping itself.
When in the orbit, space shuttles kinetic energy is in large amounts. The energy must the disposed for a safe landing. Reentry space shuttles must show blunt shapes for the heat energy to be released into the atmosphere.
John Glenn described his reentry into Earth's atmosphere as feeling like he was in a "fiery furnace." He mentioned that the G-forces were incredibly intense and that he could see flames outside his window during reentry. Despite the challenging experience, he successfully landed safely.
Apollo 13 was out of contact with mission control for approximately 3 minutes during reentry to Earth's atmosphere. This period of radio blackout was caused by intense heat and plasma surrounding the spacecraft during reentry.
Jerome H. Fine has written: 'An attitude control system to constrain the skin temperature of a manned lifting spacecraft during reentry into the earth's atmosphere' -- subject(s): Attitude control, Spacecraft reentry
No. The large orange External Tank or ET as it is called is jettisoned at about the 8 minute mark of the flight and burns up in the earths atmosphere during its reentry.