Heat from inside the Earth is called geothermal heat.
The atmosphere near Earth's surface is heated from below primarily through the process of conduction. This occurs as the Earth's surface absorbs solar radiation and heats up, transferring this heat to the adjacent air molecules through direct contact. As the air warms, it becomes less dense and rises, creating convective currents that distribute the heat throughout the atmosphere.
A rock that forms from other rocks due to heat and pressure beneath the Earth's surface is called a metamorphic rock. Examples include marble, slate, and gneiss.
Earths lower mantle lies just below the upper mantle extending from 400 to 2,900 kilometers below the Earth's surface. This region primarily consists of dense, solid rock materials that experience high pressures and temperatures. The lower mantle plays a significant role in the Earth's mantle convection, which drives tectonic plate movements and heat transfer within the Earth.
Geothermal heat reaches the Earth's surface through conduction, which involves the slow transfer of heat through the Earth's crust, and through convection, where hot molten rock rises towards the surface, bringing heat along with it.
The temperature of rock located 1000 kilometers below Earth's surface can range from 500 to 1100 degrees Celsius, depending on various factors such as geothermal gradient, heat flow, and the composition of the rock.
I would call this convection currents in the mantle.
pressure from the heat under the earths surface
Earth's surface is free to radiate heat into space. The interior is not. The interior does transfer heat the the surface, but rather slowly. It is hot due to residual heat from Earth's formation and from the heat generated by the decay of radioactive elements.
Convection is the process that describes the circular motion of heat below Earth's surface. In the Earth's mantle, convection currents are driven by the heat generated from the core and the radioactive decay of elements. These currents play a crucial role in plate tectonics and the movement of Earth's lithosphere.
Beneath the surface of the earth temperature remains the same. Within the Earth, irregular convection cells within the mantle transfer heat from the core to the surface of the planet. Volcanoes and earthquakes are two examples of heat transferring from the interior to the surface.
Heat from the sun
Most of this energy is released during the decay of radioactive isotopes. To a lesser extent, this is residual heat, from the formation of Earth - gradually released as Earth's interior solidifies.
This type of heat transfer is called convection. As the molten rock rises, it carries heat towards the Earth's surface, then cools and sinks back down to be reheated again. This cyclical movement of fluid material is a key mechanism in driving the process of plate tectonics.
When vaporization occurs below the surface of a liquid, it is called boiling or nucleate boiling. This process involves the formation of bubbles within the liquid and is typically initiated by the application of heat to the liquid.
The atmosphere near Earth's surface is heated from below primarily through the process of conduction. This occurs as the Earth's surface absorbs solar radiation and heats up, transferring this heat to the adjacent air molecules through direct contact. As the air warms, it becomes less dense and rises, creating convective currents that distribute the heat throughout the atmosphere.
The sun heats the soil through a process called solar radiation, where sunlight warms the surface of the soil. The soil then absorbs this heat, which in turn warms the layers below the surface.
A rock that forms from other rocks due to heat and pressure beneath the Earth's surface is called a metamorphic rock. Examples include marble, slate, and gneiss.