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How much damage a tornado causes depends on how strong it is, how big it is, how far it travels and where it hits. The weakest tornadoes are rated EF0, capable of peeling shingles, toppling some trees, and destroying weak sheds and outbuildings. The strongest tornadoes, rated EF5, will wipe well-built houses clean off their foundations. Tornadoes range in width from just a few yards to over a mile. Obviously a very wide tornado will cause damage across a larger area than a narrow one. Similar, a tornado that travels far will cover more ground. This damage potential is increased by the fact that large, long-lived tornadoes tend to be strong ones. Finally, where a tornado hits is important. Many tornadoes have stayed in open fields and never caused any damage because they didn't hit anything. Many of large, long track tornadoes have stayed in rural areas have had their damage limited to a few farms. In the worst cases, however, tornadoes have destroyed entire towns and large swaths of cities, leaving thousands homeless.

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