8 electrons.
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An electrically neutral sodium atom has 3 energy levels.
Helium has a full energy level with only 2 electrons. Oxygen and fluorine require more electrons to fill their energy levels.
The 19th element is potassium, which has 19 electrons. These electrons are distributed in energy levels or shells around the nucleus following the rules of electron configuration.
The neutral atom with the specified electron configuration has 10 electrons in total. This atom is neon (symbol: Ne), which has a total of 10 electrons and has its first two energy levels filled with 2 and 8 electrons, respectively, while the third energy level contains 6 electrons.
The element that has 5 energy levels and is in group 2 of the periodic table is Calcium (Ca). It has 20 electrons in total, with 2 in the first energy level and 8 each in the second and third energy levels, and 2 in the fourth energy level.