Inverse
Yes it is.!
The design was randomized crossover, within-subject. The subjects were 25 healthy premenopausal women in an academic health sciences center. Two commercially marketed calcium-fortified orange juices, ingested in an amount providing 500 mg calcium, were taken at breakfast after an overnight fast. The two fortification systems tested were calcium citrate malate and a combination of tricalcium phosphate and calcium lactate (tricalcium phosphate/calcium lactate). The main outcome measure was the area under the curve (AUC) for the increase in serum calcium from 0 to 9 hours after ingesting the test calcium source. Statistical analyses performed were repeated measures analysis of variance, testing source, and sequence. AUC 9 was 48% greater for calcium citrate malate than for tricalcium phosphate/calcium lactate ( P < .001); absorbed calcium calculated from AUC 9 values (mean+/-standard error of the mean) was 148+/-9.0 mg and 100+/-8.9 mg for calcium citrate malate and tricalcium phosphate/calcium lactate, respectively. The results indicate that equivalent calcium contents on a nutritional label do not guarantee equivalent nutritional value. Nutritionists and dietetics professionals should encourage manufacturers of fortified products to provide information on bioavailability.
i don't know and i don't unterstand the question .
chloride
normal range of serum zinc levels in children 6-59 months
When the phosphate enters the bloodstream and forms a complex with the free serum calcium
Disorders of phosphate metabolism are assessed by measuring serum or plasma levels of phosphate and calcium
Yes it is.!
My impression is that the steroid suppression test (Dexamethasone test) is to help differentiate between primary hyperparathyroidism from hypercalcaemia secondary to increased corticosteroids levels. Idea 1: corticosteroids reduce calcium and phosphate absorption and inhibits bone formation (this is the catabolic arm of the cortisol stress response). Therefore, if there is a high level of corticosteroids, the result would be decreased serum calcium and phosphate. Idea 2: Lowered serum calcium and phosphate levels would in turn upregulate parathyroid hormone production to increase serum calcium and phosphate levels caused by Idea 1. Idea 3: A patient with hypercalcaemia could be given a steroid suppression test. If the hypercalcaemia were secondary to the steroids, then one would expect a responsive lowering of parathyroid hormones.
measured serum calcium + (40-serum albumin)/50
serum phosphate
PTH activates vitamin D in the body, which absorbs calcium and phosphate from foods. It works on the intestine to increase the absorption of calcium. It causes the bones to release more calcium, and causes the kidneys to reabsorb more calcium. This all helps to increase calcium levels.
The normal concentration of total serum calcium (bound calcium plus free calcium) is in the range of 8.8-10.4 mg/dL
Serum calcium will be depleted in advances osteoporosis. Calcium mostly resides in the bones. In osteoporsosis, the bone is being broken down faster than the body can rebuild it. This causes calcium stores to go from the bones and into the blood stream. Serum calcium is the measure of calcium in the blood, not what is in the bones.
Serum calcium levels may be used to test for abnormalities in the kidneys. Low calcium levels can be an indication of a kidney disease. Likewise, thyroid and parathyroid diseases also are possible when there is an abnormal serum calcium level.
Oral phosphates can lower serum calcium levels, but the long-term use of this approach is not well understood.
The thyroid releases calcitonin which is responsible for decreasing serum calcium levels and the parathyroid glands release PTH and are responsible for increasing serum calcium