Circumference: The length of a line that goes around something or that makes a circle or other round shape.
The barometer is used to measure air pressure while the rain gauge is used to measure the amount of rainfall.
The imaginary sphere created by scientists that surrounds the Earth is called the celestial sphere. It is used as a way to map and locate stars and other celestial objects in the sky as they appear from Earth's perspective. The celestial sphere helps astronomers describe the positions and movements of objects in the night sky.
It is used to measure atmospheric pressure. Pressure tendency can forecast short term changes in the weather.
This could be the magnetosphere, the atmosphere, or the biosphere, depending on your needed reference frame.
A thermometer is used to measure the temperature of a place.
Sphere is the term used in geometry.
Sphere
The term used for the measure of frequency is "Hertz (Hz)".
That depends on what you want to measure - the diameter, the surface area, the volume, etc.
Humidity is the term used to measure the amount of moisture in the air.
atmoshere
More than 180 degrees. How much more depends on how much of the sphere is covered.
The term thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature.
An armillary sphere is an instrument consisting of graduated metal circles used to represent the motions of celestial bodies around the earth.
seismogram
latitude
Pi is not a size. Pi is usually 22/7. Sometimes also 3,14. Pi is used to measure area and circumference of a circle, and the volume of sphere / tube. If there is no pi, then the area and circumference of circle, and the volume of sphere / tube will not be counted.