igneous rocks
Fast cooling lava or magma creates an aphanitic or small crystal (grain) textured igneous rock.
The rate of cooling is the speed at which magma or lava crystallizes. When the speed is slow it results in big crystals. When the speed is fast it results in small crystals.
Yes. Fast cooling of magma causes small crystal size or no crystal at all.
Fast cooling lava can trap air bubbles, creating a bubbly or vesicular texture.
Rock and igneous plants
Extrusive
In reference to the cooling of magma into rock, basalt is formed from rapid cooling.
Obsidian is formed from very rapidly cooling lava.
Fast cooling lava or magma creates an aphanitic or small crystal (grain) textured igneous rock.
The rate of cooling is the speed at which magma or lava crystallizes. When the speed is slow it results in big crystals. When the speed is fast it results in small crystals.
Fast and slow are relative terms. If a heated igneous rock takes 3 hours to cool, is that fast or slow? During their formation, however, magma can solidify very slowly or very quickly. Rocks that have cooled quickly from magma are referred to as extrusive igneous rocks, such as obsidian and scoria. Rocks that have formed from slow cooling magma are called intrusive igneous rocks, such as granite and gabbro. The difference between the two types is in their grain size. Slow cooling magma produces large grained rock, and fast cooling magma produces fine-grained rock.
Obsidian
Yes. Fast cooling of magma causes small crystal size or no crystal at all.
Igneous rock is formed from the cooling of magma or lava.
Extrusive igneous rocks are fine grained due to fast cooling. They cool at a faster rate than most igneous rocks.
Slow cooling of igneous rocks typically forms large crystal grains. This is because slow cooling allows more time for mineral grains to grow, resulting in larger crystals. Examples of rocks formed through slow cooling and having large crystal grains include granite and gabbro.
Crystal size is largely dependent on the time the magma takes to cool and solidify. Slow cooling equals large crystals. Fast cooling equals small crystals.