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A quartz sandstone is a sedimentary rock that contains >95% quartz sand. Other typical minerals present in this rock feldspars, accessory minerals and lithic fragments, depending on the source lithology of the sandstone. So when a quartz sandstone gets metamorphosed the rock is still composed of mostly quartz. The quartz grains are recrystallized into interlocking patterns with the impurities often discoloring the sample or causing subtle streaking. This new rock is then called a quartzite. It is important to distinguish that in almost all cases, rocks are composed of more than one mineral. Common exceptions to this are evaporites like gypsum.

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