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Cometary and meteor impact along with extreme volcanism.
The initial atmosphere of the earth was rather akin to Venus, although the impact that helped form the moon got rid of a lot of it. Afterwards the atmosphere was mostly the result of volcanism along with gases brought in with comets (see below).
Water arrived mostly from the comets Jupiter and (to a somewhat lesser degree) Saturn tossed our way during the Heavy Bombardment period as they stabilized in their orbits.
This lead to a cooling of the surface and the formation of oceans. Exposed rock soaked up some of the CO2 and other chemicals in the air, and were then recycled back into the mantle, where some chemicals were more or less likely to break down and be bound to other chemicals - perhaps to stay in the mantle, perhaps to be re-released during volcanism.
When life arose in the seas it began to alter the atmosphere more extremely yet. It sucked up a lot of CO2, leaving it in the silt of the sea bottoms. It also released a lot of O2 - a poisonous waste gas. Eventually the O2 was high enough that life had to adjust to it: either learn to use or ignore it, or die or find shelter where it did not exist. Anaerobic bacteria (that which dies with oxygen) is still with us today, but it now in the extreme minority. Most life learned to endure and later thrive with O2 - and as a result the atmosphere became ever more O2 compared to CO2.
During the Dinosaur era O2 was around half what it is today and CO2 was around almost 10x what it is today. In modern times O2 remains relatively stable, but CO2 still jumps around a bit. Since measurements started taking place in the early to mid 1800s CO2 has ranged from about 250 ppm (during the 1890s) to about 500 ppm (during the 1850s). It seems to rise and fall over about 80 years or so, usually a few years following similar temperature trends. In the present its around 350 and still rising, although temperature trends have been falling for about ten years. If it follows the normal pattern, in about 10 to 20 years the world will be quite cooler and the CO2 will start to fall, as natural and expected by many scientists.
What else can I help you with?
What process created earths first atmosphere and ocean water?
Earth's first atmosphere was likely formed through volcanic activity, which released gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. The oceans were then formed over time as water vapor in the atmosphere condensed and fell as rain, eventually filling depressions on the Earth's surface to form oceans.
What was Earths first atmosphere was created by?
The earths first atmosphere was created by the methane, carbon dioxide, sulphur oxides and water vapor that volcanoes were pumping out. Oxygen started to come in noticeable quantities once life had formed. Nitrogen is inert, so doesn't do anything.
How was earths early atmosphere first changed?
Earth's early atmosphere was first changed through volcanic activity, which released gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. This led to the formation of oceans and the gradual accumulation of oxygen through photosynthesis by early organisms like cyanobacteria. This oxygenation process transformed the atmosphere to one more similar to the one we have today.
The first layer of the earths atmosphere touching earths surf?
The first layer of the Earth's atmosphere is called the troposphere, and it is in direct contact with the Earth's surface. This layer is where weather events occur and where most of the Earth's clouds and precipitation are found. Temperature usually decreases with altitude in the troposphere.
What is earths first layer of atmosphere called?
It's called lithosphere as I remember in science.
Earths atmosphere was first changed by?
photosynthesis
What process created earths first atmosphere and ocean water?
Earth's first atmosphere was likely formed through volcanic activity, which released gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. The oceans were then formed over time as water vapor in the atmosphere condensed and fell as rain, eventually filling depressions on the Earth's surface to form oceans.
The first Indian Satellite aryabhatta was launched from?
the earths atmosphere
The first layer of earths atmosphere touching the earth?
troposphere
What was Earths first atmosphere was created by?
The earths first atmosphere was created by the methane, carbon dioxide, sulphur oxides and water vapor that volcanoes were pumping out. Oxygen started to come in noticeable quantities once life had formed. Nitrogen is inert, so doesn't do anything.
How did oxygen first enter earths athmosphere?
Oxygen first entered Earth's atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis by early cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic organisms. These organisms produced oxygen as a byproduct of their metabolic processes, gradually increasing the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere over millions of years.
What was most abundant gas in the earths first atmosphere?
This gas was carbon dioxide.
Who was the first to prove comets lie beyond earths atmosphere?
TyCHO BRACHE
Can the troposphere layer be considered as earths first protective layer?
Actually, the Troposphere Layer can be considered as Earth's first protective layer, because its well-the atmosphere's first layer. You can think of it that way to remember which is Earths first layer.
How was earths early atmosphere first changed?
Earth's early atmosphere was first changed through volcanic activity, which released gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. This led to the formation of oceans and the gradual accumulation of oxygen through photosynthesis by early organisms like cyanobacteria. This oxygenation process transformed the atmosphere to one more similar to the one we have today.
How has earth atmosphere changes since it first formed?
The earths atmosphere has significantly altered over the years. The process of the earth's atmosphere was recognized and evolved 2.7 billion years ago, forming the nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere that exists today. This change enabled the formation and beginning of the ozone layer (which along with magnetic fields) block solar radiation.
The first layer of the earths atmosphere touching earths surf?
The first layer of the Earth's atmosphere is called the troposphere, and it is in direct contact with the Earth's surface. This layer is where weather events occur and where most of the Earth's clouds and precipitation are found. Temperature usually decreases with altitude in the troposphere.
