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Hutton proposed the theory of uniformitarianism, which stated that the same geological processes we observe today have been shaping the Earth's surface for millions of years. Lyell expanded on this idea by emphasizing the gradual and slow nature of these processes, suggesting that they could account for the vast age of the Earth. Their ideas laid the foundation for modern geology and greatly influenced the development of the theory of evolution by natural selection.

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Hutton and Lyell concluded that the Earth is extremely old and that the processes that changed Earth in the past are the same processes that operate in the present.


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