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It depends on the area. As the ice sheet moved backwards it melted and water flowed from underneath it producing an 'out wash plain'. In North American, these areas are seen as flat wide areas. The are also called the Great Plains.

As they continued to move back and melt more, very large ice berg shaped pieces would break off the face (calving). The large ice pieces would remain behind. The sheet would continue to move back and water containing sand, gravel and boulders would flow around those ice bergs.

Many of these ice bergs would be so large that they formed large deep lakes surrounded by moraines. These moraine would be filled with that gravel, rocks and sand. The lakes are called kettles as they remind people of very large cooking pots.

This area is very hilly with many lakes (large and small). There are still places where the moraines are removed and the sand and gravel is sold for building material like cement.

Further back, the mountains that were once there had been ground down and that material became the sand, gravel and rocks. The mountains themselves were not like the Alps or the Rockies any more but what we call the Appalachians.

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