Subsoil
The topsoil layer is typically least similar to the underlying rock because it is composed of organic matter, minerals, and nutrients that have been weathered and mixed over time. This layer is influenced by factors such as climate, vegetation, and erosion, making it different in composition from the solid rock below.
The C horizon is the layer of a soil profile that forms first from the bedrock. It is the underlying layer that contains weathered rock fragments and shows the least amount of soil development.
The parent rock layer is least likely to be penetrated by plant roots due to its hard and compact nature. Roots typically grow in the upper layers of soil where there is more organic matter and nutrients available for plant growth.
The bottom layer of a sedimentary rock is called the basal layer. This layer is considered the coarsest in the rock.
Bedrock is solid rock underlying the loose surface deposits like soil or alluvium. It is the lowest layer of rock that makes up the Earth's crust and provides a stable foundation for soil and other materials above it.
The topsoil layer is typically least similar to the underlying rock because it is composed of organic matter, minerals, and nutrients that have been weathered and mixed over time. This layer is influenced by factors such as climate, vegetation, and erosion, making it different in composition from the solid rock below.
bedrock
The C horizon is the layer of a soil profile that forms first from the bedrock. It is the underlying layer that contains weathered rock fragments and shows the least amount of soil development.
The mechanical layer of Earth that is solid rock and moves the least is the lithosphere. It comprises the Earth's crust and the uppermost part of the mantle, forming a rigid outer shell. The lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that can move, but the individual rocks within this layer are generally stable and do not flow like those in the underlying asthenosphere.
I believe the answer is water.
The parent rock layer is least likely to be penetrated by plant roots due to its hard and compact nature. Roots typically grow in the upper layers of soil where there is more organic matter and nutrients available for plant growth.
The bottom layer of a sedimentary rock is called the basal layer. This layer is considered the coarsest in the rock.
The C horizon contains only party weathered rock.
The deepest soil horizon is typically the C horizon, also known as the "parent material." This layer is composed of unweathered rock or partially weathered rock from which the upper layers of soil are formed. Below the C horizon lies the bedrock, which is not considered a soil layer but rather the solid rock underlying the soil profile.
The lithosphere is the physical layer of hard brittle rock. The remainder of the mantle that is not contained in the lithosphere is the layer of ductile rock.
Geologists use radiometric dating of the igneous rock units above and below the sedimentary layer to establish a time range for the sedimentary rock. They assume that the sedimentary layers are younger than the underlying igneous rock and older than the overlying igneous rock, based on the principle of superposition. This allows them to estimate the age of the sedimentary layer by determining the ages of the surrounding igneous rocks.
rock layering is where you have one layer of old rock them a newer layer then an other newer layer.