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Who is the person closely associated with operation flood programme and was honoured by padma vibhushan?

Updated: 4/28/2022

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Dr. V. Kurien

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Continue Learning about Earth Science

How do you get aluminum from the ground?

Aluminum metal is too reactive chemically to occur as pure aluminum in nature. Instead, it is found combined in over 270 different minerals. The main ore from which aluminum is extracted is bauxite. Bauxite is usually strip mined because it is almost always found near the surface of the terrain, with little or no overburden. Approximately 95% of the world's bauxite production is processed first into alumina, and then into aluminium by electrolysis. Bauxite is converted to alumina by first heating it in a pressure vessel along with a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 150 to 200 °C. At these temperatures, the aluminum in the bauxite is dissolved as an aluminate (the Bayer process). After separation from the residual mud (from which most of the aluminum has already been extracted) by filtering, pure gibbsite is precipitated when the liquid is cooled, and then seeded with fine-grained aluminium hydroxide. The gibbsite is usually converted into alumina (aluminum oxide, Al2O3), by heating. The alumina is then mixed with cryolite (Na3AlF6, sodium hexafluoroaluminate) and heated to about 1000 °C. The cryolite helps the alumina form a liquid solution. The aluminum is then separated by passing a lot of electricity through it (electrolysis). This separation is called the Hall--Héroult process after the men who developed it. Before the Hall--Héroult process was invented, producing aluminum was much more time consuming and expensive - to the point that aluminum dishes and utensils were considered more exotic and a mark of greater wealth than gold or silver dishes and utensils. Napoleon III, Emperor of France, is reputed to have given a banquet where the most honoured guests were given aluminum utensils, while the others made do with gold.

Related questions

Who was honoured by padma vibhushan recently?

Swaminathan

Who is the person closely associated with operation flood programmes and has been honoured by the Padma Vibhushan?

Dr.V.Kurien Dr.Amartya sen Dr.M.S.Swaminathan Dr.A.P.J.Abdul kalaam

Which younger chess personality was honoured in programme of?

Magnus Carlsen

When was Bollywood actor-director-producer Dev Anand honoured with Padma Bhushan?

Padma Bhushan was bestowed to Dev Anand in 2001.

What is honoured cheque?

honoured cheque

How was Walter Griffin honoured?

he was honoured by being famous

How is paul bogle honoured?

he is honoured as a national hero of jamaica.

How many pages does Honoured Enemy have?

Honoured Enemy has 336 pages.

When did Honoured Pilot of the USSR end?

Honoured Pilot of the USSR ended in 1988.

When did Honoured Navigator of the USSR end?

Honoured Navigator of the USSR ended in 1988.

When was Honoured Enemy created?

Honoured Enemy was created on 2001-08-06.

When did Honoured Inventor of the USSR end?

Honoured Inventor of the USSR ended in 1991.

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