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Tornadoes are very powerful because they have very low pressure at their centers. The large pressure drop over a short distance produces very fast winds.

A tornado originates from a larger but less intense circulation called a mesocyclone which is embedded in a strong thunderstorm called a supercell. Other forces within the storm focus the lower portion of the mesocyclone into a smaller area, increasing both the pressure drop and the winds speed, so that instead of a 5 millibar pressure drop occurring over a distance of 2-6 miles a 50 millibar or greater pressure drop occurs over a distance usually less than 1/4 mile.

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