Well the question is not very specific, but I think you may be reffering to the boiling of water before acid-base titrations. Water is boiled previous to acid-base titrations because if left open to the atmosphere @ STP water will absorb carbon dioxide until the pH is roughly 5.5. This will obviously adversly affect the accuracy of an acid-base titration. In the permanganate titration, a redox reaction occurs in the presence of an acidic solution.
To calculate the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dissolved, you can use the equation: moles of KMnO4 = moles of H2O2. Firstly, calculate the moles of KMnO4 (given concentration and volume). Then, use the balanced chemical equation to determine the moles of H2O2, as they have a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. Finally, convert moles of H2O2 to grams using the molar mass to find the amount dissolved in the solution.
this is because iodine is not soluble in water and it is soluble in potassiuim iodide. so KI is used as a solvent, and the resulting potassium iodate is soluble in watre so we can determine iodine in the ticture.
The equation between potassium iodate (KIO3) and sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) involves a redox reaction. In the presence of an acid, potassium iodate is reduced to iodine (I2), while sodium thiosulfate is oxidized to form sodium tetrathionate (Na2S4O6). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is 5Na2S2O3 + 2KIO3 + 8HCl → 5Na2S4O6 + 2I2 + 2KCl + 6H2O.
If you titrated to a dark pink color, it signifies that you have overshot the endpoint and added excessive NaOH. This would make your calculated molarity of NaOH too high due to the excess base added beyond the equivalence point, affecting the accuracy of the results.
Reagents and Indicators R-13-1Analytical Methods of the Member Companies of theCorn Refiners Association, Inc.Accepted 4-15-86MERCURIC NITRATE SOLUTIONPREPARATION0.02N Mercuric Nitrate Solution: For chloride determination. Dissolve 3.3 g ofreagent grade mercuric nitrate (Hg(NO3)2) in about 100 mL of purified watercontaining 0.25 mL of concentrated nitric acid (70% HNO3, sp g 1.42). Dilute to1 L with purified water, and mix.STANDARDIZATIONDry a quantity of analytical grade sodium chloride (NaCl) 30 minutes at 105°C;cool in desiccator. Dissolve 0.8241 g of dry sodium chloride in purified water,dilute to 1 L volume, and mix.Pipet 5.00 mL of the above sodium chloride solution, containing 2.5 mg chloride,into each of three 250 mL glass stoppered Erlenmeyer flasks. Add 85 mL ofpurified water, 10 mL of diphenylcarbazone indicator solution, 1 mL of 30%hydrogen peroxide solution, and 1.0 mL of 0.5N nitric acid solution (Note 1) toeach of the flasks. Stopper flasks and swirl contents. Prepare a reagent blank in a250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 90 mL of purified water, 10 mL ofdiphenylcarbazone indicator solution, 1 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution,and 1.0 mL of 0.5N nitric acid solution; mix. Titrate the blank with mercuricnitrate solution to the purple indicator end point. Color development near the endpoint is slow, and as much as 30 seconds should be allowed between titrant dropsto facilitate full indicator color development (Note 2). Titrate the three standardsin the same manner to the same color end point. Observe and record the titers.Calculate average normality.CALCULATION(mL Hg(NO ) Titer - Blank)×35.452.5mgNormality =3 2Reagents and Indicators R-13-2MERCURIC NITRATE SOLUTION⎯ continuedNOTES AND PRECAUTIONS1. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide destroys interfering sulfites by oxidationto sulfates, and the nitric acid addition adjusts acidity to the proper level(pH about 2.5).2. Care should be exercised as the end point is approached, and it is expedientto observe the reaction mixture over a white surface. End point detection isfacilitated by running the blank first, and then titrating the standards tomatch the color of the blank.
In a redox titration using potassium permanganate, the permanganate ion (MnO4-) acts as the oxidizing agent while the other substance being titrated acts as the reducing agent. The endpoint is reached when all the reducing agent has been consumed, leading to a color change from purple to colorless or light pink. The volume of potassium permanganate solution required to reach the endpoint is used to calculate the concentration of the reducing agent.
For analysis through titration method: Zinc sulfate can be titrated using EDTA as the titrant. Ferrous sulfate can be titrated using potassium permanganate as the titrant. Copper sulfate can be titrated using sodium thiosulfate as the titrant.
In the standardization of potassium permanganate titration, an indicator is not used because the titration is self-indicating. This means the solution being titrated changes color at the end point, so an additional indicator is not necessary. It is important to carefully observe the color change to ensure accurate titration results.
Permanganate estimation is completed in acid solution because in acidic conditions, permanganate (MnO4-) is reduced to colorless manganous ion (Mn2+), allowing for the endpoint to be easily detected once all the substance being titrated has reacted. Additionally, the acid helps stabilize the permanganate solution and prevents premature oxidation.
When silver nitrate is titrated against potassium chloride, a white precipitate of silver chloride is formed due to the reaction between silver ions from silver nitrate and chloride ions from potassium chloride. This reaction can be used to determine the concentration of chloride ions in a solution.
The equivalent weight of Mohr's salt (ammonium iron(II) sulfate) is the molecular weight divided by the total positive charge of the cation(s) that are being titrated. In the titration of potassium permanganate with Mohr's salt, the equivalent weight of Mohr's salt is 88 g/mol (molecular weight) divided by the total positive charge of the cation(s) (in this case, 2), which equals 44 g/equivalent.
Permanganate titration should be done in an acidic solution because permanganate ion (MnO4-) is most stable in acidic conditions. In acidic solution, permanganate ion is reduced to manganese(II) ions (Mn2+) during the titration. This reaction helps in accurately determining the concentration of the substance being titrated.
Cations can be titrated.
Potassium iodide is used in iodometric titration as a source of iodide ions. It reacts with iodine to form triiodide ions, which are then titrated with a standard solution of thiosulfate to determine the concentration of the oxidizing agent.
To calculate the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dissolved, you can use the equation: moles of KMnO4 = moles of H2O2. Firstly, calculate the moles of KMnO4 (given concentration and volume). Then, use the balanced chemical equation to determine the moles of H2O2, as they have a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. Finally, convert moles of H2O2 to grams using the molar mass to find the amount dissolved in the solution.
The number of equivalents of H2C2O4.2H2O in a titration is determined by the number of acidic hydrogen atoms that can be donated. Since oxalic acid (H2C2O4) has two acidic hydrogen atoms, the number of equivalents would be two.
titrated