Explain the determinants as well as exceptions to law of demand?

Answer 1

The five ceteris paribus demand determinants are buyers' income, buyers' preferences, other prices, buyers' expectations, and number of buyers.

• Buyers' Income: The amount of income that buyers have available to spend on a good affects the ability to purchase a good. In general, income has a direct affect on the ability to buy a good, that is, more income means more buying. However, income can actually affect demand in two ways. For normal goods, more income means more demand. For inferior goods, however, more income means less demand.
• Buyers' Preferences: The satisfaction buyers obtain from a good, based on buyers' preferences, wants, needs, likes, and dislikes, affects the willingness to purchase a good. If a good provides greater satisfaction, then buyers are inclined to purchase more.
• Other Prices: The demand for one good is based on the prices paid for other goods purchased by buyers. A change in the price of a substitute good (or substitute-in-consumption) induces buyers to alter the mix of goods purchased. An increase in the price of a substitute motivates buyers to buy more of one good and less of the substitute good. A change in the price of a complement good (or complement-in-consumption) induces buyers to demand more or less of both goods. An increase in the price of a complement motivates buyers to buy less of one good as they buy less of the complement good.
• Buyers' Expectations: The decision to purchase a good today depends on expectations of future prices. Buyers seek to purchase the good at the lowest possible price. If buyers expect the price to decline in the future, they are inclined to buy less now. If they expect the price to rise in the future, they are inclined to buy more now.
• Number of Buyers: The number of buyers willing and able to buy a good affects the overall demand. With more buyers, there is more demand. With fewer buyers, there is less demand.