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Opportunity cost is the cost of the next-best choice available to someone who has to pick between several choices. It is a key concept in economics used to describe "the basic relationship between scarcity and choice".

Opportunity cost is examined by selecting one option and then comparing the expected rewards of that option to the rewards of next option.

If a company had money to invest in either marketing or production the opportunity cost of one would be the loss of benefit form not picking the other. For example if the company chooses to invest in marketing instead of improving manufacturing (its next best option) which would increased profits $100000 the opportunity cost of the decision is said to be $100000.

If the company makes more than $100000 the company has made a good decision. If the increase in marketing does not make $100000 for the company the decision is considered not at as good as the lost opportunity-cost. It would have been more profitable to invest in the option not selected.

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Q: How could opportunity cost be examined?
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