How did Andrew Carnegie and John D Rockefeller deal with fierce competitions?

Answer 1

Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller employed different strategies to manage fierce competition in their respective industries. Carnegie utilized vertical integration, controlling every aspect of steel production to reduce costs and eliminate reliance on suppliers, while Rockefeller embraced horizontal integration, acquiring rival oil companies to establish a monopoly and dominate the market. Both tycoons also engaged in aggressive pricing strategies, undercutting competitors to drive them out of business. Ultimately, their approaches allowed them to consolidate power and influence in their fields, shaping the landscape of American industry.