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In the most basic terms, and assuming the market in question is free from non-market influences, there are two reactions to a change in the supply of any commodity. First, the market for that commodity can shrink along with the supply. Second, the market price of the commodity can rise, thereby decreasing demand while simultaneously encouraging an increase in supply.

An excellent example of these forces at work is the corn market. In recent years, the demand for corn has increased dramatically (although most of the change was due to government intervention in the market). Over a period of two growing seasons, the price of feed corn nearly doubled as potential buyers competed for the limited supply, and production increased as a direct response to this rise in price, as farmers made the choice to place more acreage in corn and less in other crops, such as soybeans and wheat. These changes had ripple effects in other markets too; prices of soybeans and wheat also rose as the supply fell due to the farmers' choices, thereby encouraging farmers to increase the supply of those commodities.

In the end, demand, supply and price tend to stabilize as producers and buyers reach a balance wherein the producers are willing to meet demand for a given price.

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Related Questions

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