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  • Central Planning: A centrally planned economy relies on a party in power to decide what resources should be allocated to various demands as they see fit.
  • Free Market: A free market economy relies on prices to determine where demand should be filled and to what extent.

Because of these differences, an economy that is centrally planned is usually inefficient in their allocation of resources to each market. They decide beforehand which areas will get resources, restricting the supply and setting a price with no knowledge about the consumer's choice.

A free market is much more adaptable, using price as a communicator, supply, demand and price interact to form equilibriums that satisfy market clearing outcomes. This system is much more efficient in that the people who value the goods most are able to get them. This is the idea, it doesn't always work perfectly.

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