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The discount rate is the interest rate at which banks borrow money directly from the Federal Reserve, while the federal funds rate is the interest rate at which banks lend money to each other overnight. The Federal Reserve uses these rates to influence the overall economy. Typically, the discount rate is higher than the federal funds rate, and changes in one rate can impact the other. When the Federal Reserve wants to encourage borrowing and spending, it may lower the discount rate and federal funds rate to make it cheaper for banks to borrow money. Conversely, when the Federal Reserve wants to slow down the economy and control inflation, it may raise these rates to make borrowing more expensive.

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