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When money is backed by gold, it is not possible to expand the money supply. Expansionary monetary policy in modern economics is commonly used as a way to combat a recession. This is arguably one of several reasons often cited as to why the great depression was as bad as it was. With the gold standard, the Federal Reserve had no way to expand the money supply as they could only print as much money as there was gold.

On the other hand, a continually increasing money supply can create inflation that spirals out of control. The Federal Reserve tries very hard to balance increasing the money supply (preventing resessions) with measures to prevent inflationary pressures.

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Q: What are reasons for US fixed the price of gold in 1940 s and disbanded in 1970 s?
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