Fiscal Policy :)
Opportunity cost.
Economic equity is the concept of fairness in economics, especially concerning taxation or welfare.
Local, State, and National Governments typically will attempt to shape policy around the idea of a multiplier effect if they understand the concept. The idea is of course that policies will attract more spending in their respective forum and so enjoy the benefits of the monetary multiplier. This means for example that one dollar ($1) spent in a local economy such as Atlanta may generate as much as $4-$10 in economic growth to the local community. This same concept can be true for spending on the state and national levels.
Generally the government is very good at wasting money and resources so less spending, generally speaking, by the government helps the economy as those resources are allocated in more efficient areas of the economy. More on this topic: This is a topic taught in all basic and advanced economic classes. It comes from John Maynard Keynes, the British economist. He created Macro economic theory we have today. Basically pump priming by the government can help stimulate the economy. Pump priming is governmental deficit spending. That concept has been the basics of all stimulus spending ideas. It can come from tax refunds or direct expenditures by the government, but in either case it is borrowing that does it. Milton Freedman, the champion of the Monetarists School of Economics, basically proved that it was monetary theory, changes in the money supply, that was the only way to affect the economy. Pump priming was false. They used Keynesian theory to prove this. So it really has to do with which school of economic theory you believe in to answer this. If it is Keynesian, then yes it will cause an affect, if Monetarist, then no it won't. You choose Most economic models (emphasis on models, not necessarily the real world) suggest that less government spending will lower GDP (because Gov't spending is a component of GDP) and be deflationary (cause deflation) in the short run. In the real world there are many many arguments made to every possible effect that changes in government spending have on the economy. There are many factors such as what kind of government spending is cut (defense? health care? entitlements? federal jobs?), if it is planned (versus sudden), and how large the cuts are.
Only the operating budget must be balanced in state government.
the colonists revolted. "no taxation without representation"
fiscal cliff is the situation which U.S. government faced at the end of 2012 when the expiry of tax cut and across the board government spending cuts has reached. this
It showed that interest groups or non-state actors could influence government on a large scale
The concept of taxation is to enable the government to collect taxes which it can then use to provide its citizens with various services. Some of these services include building roads, hospitals, schools and paying salaries of the civil servants.
Opportunity cost.
Opportunity cost.
Tax has a limited meaning. It is the amount of tax levied/collected etc. by the Government. Taxation is the process of tax collection. It covers all of the following: passing of the law by the parliament, making of rules by the Government, entire set of people appointed as tax commissioners, assessment; the appellate authorities & so on. Rashmin Sanghvi
The concept that holds the government and its officers accountable is known as "checks and balances." This system ensures that no branch of government has unchecked power by allowing each branch to monitor and limit the actions of the other branches. Additionally, mechanisms such as separation of powers, oversight committees, and the rule of law help ensure accountability in government.
Economic equity is the concept of fairness in economics, especially concerning taxation or welfare.
by their own concept
concept of land
Congress Government