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Mercantilism encouraged European countries to increase their wealth and power through a favorable balance of trade, primarily by exporting more than they imported. This economic theory promoted the establishment of colonies to secure raw materials and markets for finished goods. Additionally, it led to competition among nations for resources and trade routes, often resulting in conflicts and colonial expansion. Ultimately, mercantilism shaped the economic policies and imperial ambitions of European powers from the 16th to the 18th centuries.

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