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Cardinal
cardinal utility
The cardinal utility approach also known as classical approach is a measurable utility that expressed an exact unit and measurable monetary terms. In welfare economics if a form of utility program routine is cardinal, interpersonal comparisons of utility differences are allowed.
When discussing cardinal vs. ordinal, it is helpful to look at what the words mean. The distinguishing factor here is between cardinal and ordinal numbers. Cardinal numbers are 1, 2, 3; ordinal numbers, 1st, 2nd, 3rd. Some crucial differences follow from that. Whereas mathematical operations can be performed on cardinal numbers, they cannot be performed on ordinal numbers. Now, when talking about cardinal utility, it is an attempt to ''measure the utility of various alternatives. When talking about ordinal utility, it is the ''ranking of alternatives.'''' Cardinal utility is, however, an erroneous concept. It is impossible to "measure" utility. People can only say "I prefer A to B", but cannot meaningfully say "I prefer A 2.5 times more than B" or something to that effect. Furthermore, comparisons of utility between different individuals are impossible and meaningless, as well as between the same individual at different points in time (as individuals can and do change their preferences -- that is, ordinal value-scale rankings). Because value is subjective, we cannot measure it and cannot compare between two different people, or even between the same person at different times. To clarify, ordinal utility culminates in value-scales: 1st: A2nd: B3rd: C whereas cardinal utility is the erroneous attempt at measurement: 10utils -- A7utils -- B3utils -- COmar Tawfik.
A difference is that with ordinal utility approaches, you cannot numerically measure the level of consumer satisfaction. With cardinal utility approaches, you can to an extent.
Cardinal
Cardinal
cardinal utility
give the limitations of cardinal utility theory
The cardinal utility approach also known as classical approach is a measurable utility that expressed an exact unit and measurable monetary terms. In welfare economics if a form of utility program routine is cardinal, interpersonal comparisons of utility differences are allowed.
When discussing cardinal vs. ordinal, it is helpful to look at what the words mean. The distinguishing factor here is between cardinal and ordinal numbers. Cardinal numbers are 1, 2, 3; ordinal numbers, 1st, 2nd, 3rd. Some crucial differences follow from that. Whereas mathematical operations can be performed on cardinal numbers, they cannot be performed on ordinal numbers. Now, when talking about cardinal utility, it is an attempt to ''measure the utility of various alternatives. When talking about ordinal utility, it is the ''ranking of alternatives.'''' Cardinal utility is, however, an erroneous concept. It is impossible to "measure" utility. People can only say "I prefer A to B", but cannot meaningfully say "I prefer A 2.5 times more than B" or something to that effect. Furthermore, comparisons of utility between different individuals are impossible and meaningless, as well as between the same individual at different points in time (as individuals can and do change their preferences -- that is, ordinal value-scale rankings). Because value is subjective, we cannot measure it and cannot compare between two different people, or even between the same person at different times. To clarify, ordinal utility culminates in value-scales: 1st: A2nd: B3rd: C whereas cardinal utility is the erroneous attempt at measurement: 10utils -- A7utils -- B3utils -- COmar Tawfik.
A difference is that with ordinal utility approaches, you cannot numerically measure the level of consumer satisfaction. With cardinal utility approaches, you can to an extent.
Primarily cardinal utility approach has 5 assumptions. 1 rationality: the consumer is rational about his spending. 2 cardinal utility: the utility/satisfaction can be measured in cardinal NOs like 10, 8, 15, 20etc 3 constancy of money: The money of consumer must remain constant. 4 diminishing marginal utility: Marginal/additional utility of consumer decreases along with successive use of any commodity. 5 total utility: Total utility depends on quantity of commodity. 3
to what extent is ordinal utility approach and improvement cardinal in explaining consumer behaviour in economics
consumers seek to maxmum
Satisfaction
The cardinal approach in a careful approach that states that utility is measurable. The ordinal approach disagrees with this theory.