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A perfectly competitive market is a market that is classified by many firms, with homogeneous products, since there are so many firms and consumers (buyers and sellers) each is a price-taker, meaning they have no control over what the price is.

firms as a result set price to the marginal cost, which is the marginal revenue which is also the wage.. If there are profits in the short run due to differences in capital, (in the short run, capital stock is fixed), ability of firms to produce at different quantities is apparent. However over the long run, firms are able to make all costs variable, meaning they can change their capital and labor stock in order to become more efficient. These changes result in higher efficiency, and an eventual drop in price where p=mr. There are no profits in long run.

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Q: What factors leads to zero profits for firms in the long run in a perfectly competitive market?
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