Neomercantilism refers to a modern economic policy that emphasizes the importance of a favorable balance of trade, government intervention in the economy, and the promotion of domestic industries. It seeks to protect national interests by encouraging exports while limiting imports, often through tariffs and subsidies. This approach contrasts with free trade principles and aims to strengthen a nation's economic independence and competitiveness in the global market. Neomercantilism is often associated with nationalist economic policies in various countries.