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What is mathematical economics?

Updated: 4/28/2022
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Mathematical economics refers to the application of mathematical methods to represent economic theory or analyze problems posed in economics. Expositors maintain that it allows formulation and derivation of key relationships in the theory with clarity, generality, rigor, and simplicity. For example, Paul Samuelson's Foundations of Economic Analysis (1947) identifies a common mathematical structure across multiple fields in the subject. Mathematical economics, however, conventionally makes use of calculus and matrix algebra in economic analysis. These are prerequisites for formal study, not only in mathematical economics but in contemporary economic theory generally. Mathematical economics provides methods to model behavior in diverse, real world situations, including international climate agreements, reactions to changes in divorce laws, and pricing in the futures markets for commodities. Mathematics allows economists to form meaningful, testable propositions about wide-ranging and complex subjects which could not be adequately expressed informally. Further, the language of mathematics allows economists to make clear, specific, positive claims about controversial or contentious subjects that would be impossible without mathematics. source: wikipedia.

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