Privatization is the process of transferring ownership of a public service or asset from the government to private individuals or organizations. This can involve selling state-owned enterprises, outsourcing government services, or deregulating industries. Proponents argue that privatization can lead to increased efficiency, innovation, and reduced government expenditure, while critics raise concerns about potential negative impacts on public welfare and accountability. Ultimately, the effectiveness of privatization can vary significantly based on the specific context and implementation.