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The monetary base is highly liquid money that consists of coins, paper money (both as bank vault cash and as currency circulating in the public), and commercial banks' reserves with the central bank.

The Fed can control the monetary base much more precisely than it can control

reserves, so it makes sense to model the money supply process by linking the money supply to the monetary base.

The money multiplier links the money supply M to the monetary base MB via

M = m × M B

where

m = money multiplier.

m > 1, so that a $1 increase in M B leads to an increase in M of more than $1. For this reason, the monetary base is often called high-powered money.

m will depend on depositors' decisions about holdings of currency and banks' decisions about holdings of excess reserves.

Precisely m = (1 + c)/ (r + e + c)

Since, according to our formula,

m = (1 + c)/ (r + e + c)

it appears that the money multiplier m is determined by three factors:

1. The required reserve ratio r.

2. The currency ratio c.

3. The excess reserve ratio e.

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What is the relationship between the monetary multiplier and reserve ratios?

Money Multiplier is inverse of Reserve Requirement. That is, m = 1/R


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The term monetary base is an economic term that can also be reserve money or base money. It is simply the amount of money in circulation. It is monitored by the central bank of government by buying and selling bonds. A money multiplier is the deposits that increase through the banksÕ loan revenue.


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The money multiplier is the reciprocal of the reserve requirement, which can only be a finite number.


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The money multiplier formula is the amount of new money that will be created with each demand deposit, calculated as 1 ÷ RRR.


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No, the simple money multiplier actually increases as the reserve ratio decreases. The money multiplier is calculated as 1 divided by the reserve ratio (MM = 1 / reserve ratio). Therefore, when the reserve ratio is lower, the denominator is smaller, resulting in a higher multiplier effect, allowing banks to create more money through lending.


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As the reserve ratio increases, the money multiplier decreases. This is because a higher reserve ratio means that banks must hold a larger fraction of deposits in reserve and can lend out less money. Consequently, the overall capacity of the banking system to create money through lending diminishes, leading to a lower money multiplier effect.


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