a price ceiling set below the market equilibrium creates an excess demand, leading to a shortage of the good. Think about it like this, if a good is a lot cheaper than it should be, more people would want to buy it, but less people would want to make it, since its so cheap.
Excess Supply
Price Floor.
below equilibrium price and causes a shortage
Price equilibrium, or market equilibrium, occurs when the quantity of a good or service demanded by consumers equals the quantity supplied by producers at a specific price level. At this point, there is no tendency for the price to change, as the market clears, meaning all goods produced are sold. If the price is above equilibrium, excess supply leads to downward pressure on prices, while prices below equilibrium create excess demand, pushing prices up. Thus, market equilibrium represents a stable state in economic transactions.
When a maximum price is set for a good or service, it is set below the equilibrium. This is supposed to help consumers but due to the excess demand, a black market will emerge and goods and services will be sold at black market prices (which will be higher than the maximum price or price ceiling) A minumum price is set abouve the equlibrium price. This is done to help producers, however all this will do is create an excess supply and a black market will emerge where goods will be sold at a lower price.
Excess Supply
Price Floor.
The maximum displacement of a particle within a wave above or below its equilibrium position is called the "amplitude" of the wave. It represents the maximum distance the particle moves away from its equilibrium position in either direction as the wave passes through.
equilibrium amplitude
below equilibrium price and causes a shortage
equilibrium amplitude
Price equilibrium, or market equilibrium, occurs when the quantity of a good or service demanded by consumers equals the quantity supplied by producers at a specific price level. At this point, there is no tendency for the price to change, as the market clears, meaning all goods produced are sold. If the price is above equilibrium, excess supply leads to downward pressure on prices, while prices below equilibrium create excess demand, pushing prices up. Thus, market equilibrium represents a stable state in economic transactions.
When a maximum price is set for a good or service, it is set below the equilibrium. This is supposed to help consumers but due to the excess demand, a black market will emerge and goods and services will be sold at black market prices (which will be higher than the maximum price or price ceiling) A minumum price is set abouve the equlibrium price. This is done to help producers, however all this will do is create an excess supply and a black market will emerge where goods will be sold at a lower price.
A price ceiling is binding when it is below the equilibrium price. It is the legal maximum price, so the market wants to reach equilibrium (which is above that) but can't legally. If it were above the equilibrium price it would not be binding because the market would reach equilibrium and the ceiling would have no effect. A price floor is binding when it is above the equilibrium price. You can use similar reasoning to that above. It is the legal minimum price. the market wants to reach equilibrium below that but can't legally.
above equilibrium
The statement is incorrect. The maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium position in a wave is known as the amplitude of the wave, not the amplitude of the particle itself.
The amplitude of a wave is the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position. It is half the distance between the crest and trough of the wave. Can you please provide the wave you are referring to?