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GDP is not the perfect measure of development because in many cases the GDP of a country may be increasing even though development is not. This can be due to inflation. As the prices of goods rise, GDP will also rise however, this does not mean that production or the standard of living is also increasing. This is known as Nominal GDP.

To get a better understanding of whether a country is developing, one must consider the Real GDP of that country. Real GDP involves using base prices from a specified year in the past to calculate the current GDP. This allows us to overcome inflation and compare the GDP of a country for two different years to find out if production has actually increased or not.

Ofcourse, there are many other factors that go into whether a country is experiencing an increase in the standard of living such as overall happiness of the people in the country.

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Q: Why is GDP alone not a perfect measure of development?
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Does the per capita income determine the correct develoment status of a country?

Development is an increase in the standard of living within a country. GDP per capita or even GNP per capita is one of the measure people use to measure development. However, think about this. If, for one reason or another, Bill Gate decides to move to Haiti and become a Haitian, he will add to Haiti's GDP a lot of money, at the same time increasing per capita income (since population only changes by 1.) However, this does not mean that standard of living in Haiti has improved (or Haiti has experienced economic development.) Other measures, such as HDI, access to water, education needs to be looked at in order to measure the development. GDP per capita is good but when using it, be sure to look at figures such as Gini coefficient or Lorez curve to see the usefulness of the figure while getting other measures (HDI) to measure development.


Why do economists use real GDP rather than nominal GDP to measure growth?

Real GDP reflects output more accurately than nominal GDP by using constant prices.


What is the GDP?

GDP - Gross Domestic Product GDP is a measure of the wealth of a country. It is worked out by dividing the total of the money by what a country gains from the production of goods and services by it's population. GDP is measured in US Dollars - $


How is real GDP calculated?

GDP refers to gross domestic product, and is a way to measure how well a country is doing economically. To calculate it, divide the nominal GDP by the inflation rate.


Why is Real GDP is preferred to nominal GDP as a measure of economic performance?

nominal GDP uses current prices and thus may over- or understate true changes in output.