why? isn't it to adjust it downwards to max. shareholders wealth?
Sure, profit maximization relates to profits *only* while shareholder wealth also involves total company equity, debt ratios and any of 15 other financial performance measure ratios. Management could focus on profit maximization over a longer period of time, say, 40 years (Toyota), while the shareholder would rather see stock values and corporate total value increase immediately (get in and get out) (90% of American manufacturers). If management focused on short-term profit maximization, say at the expense of long term sales revenues, then shareholder wealth (stock price) could actually decrease as a result of the loss of market share. The conflict of interests between shareholders and executives is an example of the "principle-agent problem."
Another name for stockholder wealth maximization is maximization of the value of the common stock. Stockholders have little power in corporate decision making.
Corporation offering stocks ? Who can buy it ? 1- Other Corporations - Maybe Parent company to hold control 2- Individuals - make some money 3- Non corporate ? Who else remains ? .... Non-corporate means other legal forms of entities other than "corporation", like partnerships , limited liability companies .... but not individuals.
The two primary theories of corporate social responsibility (CSR) are the stakeholder theory and the shareholder theory. The stakeholder theory posits that companies have obligations to a wide range of stakeholders, including employees, customers, suppliers, and the community, emphasizing ethical considerations and social impact. In contrast, the shareholder theory, often associated with economist Milton Friedman, argues that a corporation's primary responsibility is to maximize shareholder value, suggesting that social initiatives should only be pursued if they align with profit-making objectives.
Common examples of agency problems in corporate governance include conflicts of interest between shareholders and management, excessive executive compensation, and lack of transparency in decision-making. These issues can be effectively mitigated through measures such as implementing strong corporate governance practices, establishing independent board oversight, aligning executive compensation with company performance, and promoting shareholder activism and engagement.
Is it good for the society, as a whole, for management of corporate resources to be focused on maximizing shareholder value? Or are there
Sure, profit maximization relates to profits *only* while shareholder wealth also involves total company equity, debt ratios and any of 15 other financial performance measure ratios. Management could focus on profit maximization over a longer period of time, say, 40 years (Toyota), while the shareholder would rather see stock values and corporate total value increase immediately (get in and get out) (90% of American manufacturers). If management focused on short-term profit maximization, say at the expense of long term sales revenues, then shareholder wealth (stock price) could actually decrease as a result of the loss of market share. The conflict of interests between shareholders and executives is an example of the "principle-agent problem."
Key factors that contribute to maintaining a strong shareholder relationship include transparent communication, consistent performance, adherence to corporate governance principles, and a focus on long-term value creation.
Another name for stockholder wealth maximization is maximization of the value of the common stock. Stockholders have little power in corporate decision making.
differentiate between value for money and profit maximization
Wealth maximization has been accepted by the finance managers, because it overcomes the limitations of profit maximization. Wealth maximization means maximizing the net wealth of the company's share holders. Wealth maximization is possible only when the company pursues policies that would increase the market value of shares of the company.
"corporate social responsibility" is how businesses monitor themselves ethically. Businesses incorporate things such as sustainability into their CSR plan
Karl Lins has written: 'Corporate governance and the shareholder base'
to improve working conditions
to improve working conditions
to improve working conditions
Corporation offering stocks ? Who can buy it ? 1- Other Corporations - Maybe Parent company to hold control 2- Individuals - make some money 3- Non corporate ? Who else remains ? .... Non-corporate means other legal forms of entities other than "corporation", like partnerships , limited liability companies .... but not individuals.