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When approaching investment decision making there are two common approaches that one can take. First there is the top-down approach which takes into account data about the macroeconomic environment, business cycles, and industry trends. Second there is the bottom-up approach that focuses more on individual companies and their relative merits when considering investment.
Both approaches can be considered equally valid; they just come at the problem of allocating investment capital from different directions. The main difference between these methodologies is the weight given to economic factors and the particular industry of a given stock.
First, let’s consider the top-down approach. Those who follow this discipline generally believe that the economy and the market, as well as the particular industry in question carry a lot of weight on the importance of investment decisions. They may use tools such as leading economic indicators, charts of past business cycles, industry reports and the like to decide which industry would be a good bet given all the relative data before deciding on which particular firms within that industry to invest in.
Those who follow a more bottom-up approach to investment decision making tend to be in search of particular characteristics in the companies or stocks they are evaluating. They may start by looking for companies with a certain P/E ratio or use some other criteria to flag potential investments. Then they analyze the fundamentals of that company or charts for that particular stock in order to aid in their decision. These bottom-up investors believe that they can find stocks that are undervalued regardless of what is happening in any particular industry or the wider world of markets and economies.
Either approach can be tackled by fundamental analysts or technical analysts. Also, as I’ve stated, neither is right or wrong. But the next time you hear an analyst talking about a top-down or bottom-up approach to portfolio management you’ll have some idea what they mean.
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What type of game is 'Parking Perfection'?
In the world of online gaming it's sometimes great to take a break from some of the more "flashy" and complicated games to play a more simple variety. Parking Perfection is a 2D topdown flash game where you struggle to park a truck or car into the parking spot in the time allotted without hitting the cars beside you.
What is Ball Milling in Nanotechnology?
Ball Miling in nanotech is nothing but,it is one of the method in the topdown approach in nanotech. it has the process of converting bulk particles into an powder. this is an process similar to the our daily use grinder .. here the bulk particles are grinded to powder by the rotating steel balls in the container. this process has three paramaters,which leads to the good one.. 1)speed of the shaft in the container 2)size of the steel ball 3)time
How do you change the rear hatch motor unit?
Answer Topdown Solutions website has instructions as well as repair parts, kits, and whole unit replacements. THeir instructions for the whole process are in a PDF file on the site. I have copied the http address below. Depending on the problem Hawks 3rd Gen Camaros, Brocks Camaros, and FBodyMotorsports may also provide you with small parts such as gear drives, motors, and housing units. http://www.top-downsolutions.com/Documentation/101170Instructions.pdf
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the bottom-up approach or top- down approach to developing the system architecture?
Bottom-up advantages -it involves the people around the province (the local people) -it save much more energy. -it is much cheaper. disadvantages -it does not impact on a lot of people. -this idea is driven by the existing infrastructure instead of the business process. for top-down i think this web will help you http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-topdown-planning-21385.html you are welcome.
What is top down and bottom down approach in POP and OOPS respectively?
BottomUp Approach In a bottom-up approach the individual base elements of the system are first specified in great detail. These elements are then linked together to form larger subsystems, which then in turn are linked, sometimes in many levels, until a complete top-level system is formed. This strategy often resembles a "seed" model, whereby the beginnings are small, but eventually grow in complexity and completeness. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that uses "objects" to design applications and computer programs.
What is topdown approach of software design?
The top-down approach to software design is a methodology where the system is designed by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable components or modules, starting from the highest level of abstraction. This approach emphasizes understanding the overall system architecture before delving into the details of individual parts. It often involves creating high-level designs and then progressively refining them into detailed specifications. This method can enhance clarity and organization, making it easier to align the development process with the overarching goals of the project.
How do you change the headlight assembly Chevy Tracker 2001?
Pull out the rubber socket . No need to twist or anything, it comes straight out once you apply enough force. Then pull out the rubber boot (grab the tab at the top and pull it out from the topdown). There is a retaining clip that you need to push down to unhook one side and then pull that side of the clip like a hinged door to access the light bulb. You can then remove the bulb and replace with a similar type. Check that you orient the bulb correctly. The lamb assembly has three slots the the bulb fits in for that purpose. Then rotate the retaining clip back into position and push down slightly to latch the free end back in place. Replace the rubber boot (from the bottom up) and ensure that the bulb's electrical connector is clear. Push the rubber socket back into the bulb's connector and you're good to go.
What is top-down approach in Artificial intelligence?
top down and bottom up are the strategies of information processing and knowledge orderin,mostly involving softwares,but also humanitics and scientific theories.in practise they can be seen as a style of thinking and teaching .moreover in many cases top down is used as a synonym for analysis or decomposition and bottom up for synthesis... a top down approach is essentially the break down of the system to gain insight into its compositional subsystems. a Bottomup approach is the peicing together of system to give rise to grander system,thus making ithe original system of the emergent system.in dis type of system the individual base elements are then linked. it has got one weakness alsogood intuition is necessary to decide the functionality that is to be provided by the module.pro/engineers and also caf programs and however hold the possibilityto do the top down design by the use of the product.thus it is possible to build the overall layout ofn the product before the parts are designed....
Why do some companies have more success with ERP than others?
Early ERP implementation reports indicated that only a low percentage of companiesexperienced a smooth rollout of their new ERP systems and immediately began receivingthe benefits they anticipated. You should put such reports into perspective. All kinds ofsoftware implementations can suffer from delays, cost overruns, and performance problems,not just ERP projects. Such delays have been a major problem for the IS industryEarly ERP implementation reports indicated that only a low percentage of companiesGartner Research recommendsallocating 17 percent of the project’s budget for training. Those companies spendingless than 13 percent on training are three times more likely to have problems. Some companies willingly part with funds for software and new hardware, but don’tproperly budget for employee training. ERP software is complex and can be intimidating atfirstUsually, a bumpy rollout and low ROI are caused by people problems and misguidedexpectations, not computer malfunctions. For example:Some executives blindly hope that new software will cure fundamental businessproblems that are not curable by any software. The root of the problemmay lie in flawed core business processes. Unless the company changes itsbusiness processes, it will just be computerizing a bad way to do business.Some executives and IT managers don’t take enough time for a proper analysisduring the planning and implementation phase.Some executives and IT managers skimp on employee education and training.Some companies do not place the ownership or accountability for the implementationproject on the personnel who will operate the system. This lack ofownership can lead to a situation in which the implementation becomes anIT project rather than a company-wide project.Unless a large project such as an ERP installation is promoted from the topdown, it is doomed to fail. The top executives must be behind the project 100percent for it to be successful.ERP implementation brings a tremendous amount of change for the users. Managersneed to manage that change well so that the implementation goessmoothly.
Can you give a list of words that are antonyms and synonyms?
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Why do south Africans have round houses?
There is a Strong spirituality connected with an African hut that never features in most literature. There has been a struggle to design buildings that look African without a clear understanding why. Traditionally, the father of the home would ask his son to build a home. The father would pick a stick and place it in the ground where the House should be. The son would then call friends who would help him build the walls of the house around the stick in the ground. The main pole supporting the house would be in the middle. In other instances the middle pillar would be symbolised with a pointed stick protruding from the roof when the house is completed. The centre of the house becomes sacred. That is where the fire will be lit or the stool of the father would be when he passes on. The three legged stool symbolises the leadership coming from God through the father. hence its sacredness in nature. In meetings too the centre would be left for God and the people sitting around in a circle are symbolically sitting around God. So what is passed in such a meeting would be counted as blessed from God. Prayers would be offered around the fire, or around the sacred pole in the homestead. The Kamba people of Kenya have this rich tradition too, so do most African bantu groups of people. God in the center of the community. Leadership organisational structure becomes circular than topdown. circular because everyone contributes to the centre( god) and not for themselves. people work for each other as Nyerere envisaged but did not understand the reason of leadership structure behind it. Circular leadership structure has no class nor gender. It is people who are meeting to take care of each other, suffer together and pray together, men women, children and even visitors. Ranger&Kimambo(1972) presented that picture of Africans welcoming visitors as symbol of welcoming god in the community to share their blessings. But the missionaries thought otherwise. Why are African huts round? They symbolise equality, togetherness, leadership in God and trust for each other. The chief was just but a coordinator of affairs of the community. Reginald Nalugala PhD development, Poverty and faith, Oxford Center for Mission studies, Oxford, UK
Parents should let a 10 year old play grand theft auto?
GTA games are adult rated (18 years plus) and not considered suitable for younger gamers because of the violence, bad language and often some sexual content. But, in the end, it is up to parents to make the decision. Speaking personally, I have a 10 year old in my family and I would not permit it.
