In Latin there wasn't really a sound single word for "Yes" or "No;" the typical mode of response was to reply with the verb in the positive or negative. So for example:
"Rediitne pater eius?"
("Did his father come back?")
"Rediit"
("Yes," literally, "Came back")
"Non rediit"
(No," literally, "Didn't come back")
To pose a simple question such as "Do you like it?" one places a "-ne" at the end of the word emphasized in the question, so:
"Tibine placet?"
"Do you like it?"
or
"Placetne tibi?"
"Do you like it?"
To make a question to which you expect "no" one would begin the sentence with "Num," like so:
"Num tibi placet Paulus" "You don't like Paul, right?"
To make a question to which you expect "yes" one would begin the sentence with "Nonne," like so:
"Nonne femina pulchra est?" "Isn't the woman beautiful?"
I hope that answered all your questions!
The Latin word for "if" is si. In addition, the word num can be translated "if" (or "whether") when used in indirect questions; for example, Quaesivit num venires, "He asked if you were coming".
All of it is "Latin". See related questions.
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