ראש השנה
Rosh Hashana begins the evening of Sept 28, 2011.
Rosh Chodesh (ראש חודש) does not have a specific Hebrew greeting.
Rosh Hashana
All cultures like to keep track of the new year and the new seasons that come with it, since that affects farming schedules. "Rosh Hashana" means the head of the year, in Hebrew.
technically there are four, but the popular one, the one for cleansing the soul is Rosh HaShana (literally the "head of the year")
2
La Chaim is Hebrew for "To Life." It is generally used as a toast, especially in regards to the Jewish New Year Rosh Hashana.
There is a tradition of eating pomegranates during Rosh Hashana because of the many seeds they contain. Some people have the tradition that they contain 613 seeds which matches the 613 mitzvot in the Torah. Also, on Rosh Hashana, Jews eat apples dipped in honey, to symbolize a sweet new year. Please see the related link for an alternate explanation regarding pomegranates and Rosh Hashana.
Rosh haShana
i believe it is on the 9th of September
17-18/Sep/2012
Rosh HaShana isn't made out of anything, it's the Jewish New Year.