heat causes both
Melting, evaporation, and sublimation are changes of state that absorb thermal energy. During these processes, the particles in a substance gain energy to break intermolecular bonds and overcome attractive forces between them, resulting in an absorption of thermal energy.
A change of phase: melting, evaporation, liquefaction or chemical changes as thermal dehydration, thermal decomposition, oxydation, etc.
Thermal energy is produced through the conversion of other forms of energy, such as chemical, mechanical, or nuclear energy. The processes involved in generating thermal energy can include combustion, nuclear fission, or friction. These processes release heat, which is then used to generate thermal energy for various applications.
Melting, where a solid changes to a liquid state, and vaporization, where a liquid changes to a gas state, are two processes that require heat to happen. These phase changes involve absorbing thermal energy to break intermolecular forces holding the particles together.
When thermal energy isreleased by the substance, it creates condensation and freezing process.
Thermal energy, melting of ice is a physical change of phase.
Evaporation is due to the kinetic energy of molecules; melting is due to the absorption of thermal energy.
Physical processes: melting, boiling, grinding, sieving, vaporization, deposition, etc. Chemical processes: polymerization, oxidation, reduction, chemical reactions, thermal degradation, dissociation, etc.
The phase change that occurs when a substance absorbs thermal energy is melting. When thermal energy is absorbed, the substance's particles gain enough energy to overcome the forces holding them in a solid state, leading to a transition from solid to liquid.
Thermal evaporation takes place in the following manner: The material to be evaporated is taken in a crucible (usually called as boat) and the material is melted by heating the system up to the melting point of that material ,the material evaporates and gets sticks on the substrate (usually glass)
The thermal radiation of the Sun favors water evaporation.
Adding thermal energy can cause a substance to change from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid to a gas, through processes like melting or boiling. Removing thermal energy can cause a substance to change from a gas to a liquid or from a liquid to a solid, through processes like condensation or freezing.